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September 4th, 2012 | categorizilation: all categories,Japan,Post-2008

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シマノの8段内装ギア、アルフィーネは、手入れがほぼ必要としないハブの一つです。ハブの両側のシールが非常に丈夫で、シールがちゃんと締めている限りは、水や誇りなどがハブの内側に入ることは考えられません。しかし、数ヶ月前に、自分のアルフィーネハブのローター側のベアリングコーンがゆるいことに気づき、すぐに締めたが、気づくまで数日たちましたので、その間に水がハブに浸入したようです。水が入ったことが分かったのは、ハブは通常より摩擦が多かったからです。つまり、通常、自転車を上げて、ペダルを逆方向に回すときに後ろのホイールは若干後ろに回るが、通常よりもホイールが回るようになっていたし、ホイールをとめてペダルを回すと、間欠的に摩擦が多くなったり、少なかったりしていました。このことから、どうも内側に異常があると判断し、分解することにしました。

Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH)

今回の作業の目的は、①摩擦の原因の把握、②内側のグリースの再生(オイル・バス)。②に関しては、シマノ純正のMaintenance Oilは存在しますが(http://www.hubstripping.com/shimano-inter8/shimano-grease-oil-en.pdf)、シマノ純正のものを市販のATF(オート・トランズミッション・フルイッド)とほぼ同様のものということで、私はATFを使うことにしました(手に入りやすいし、安価)。

分解の手順/やり方を説明するネット資料は多いです。私が探したのは全て英語ですが、特に参考になったのは以下のカナダ人の動画です。

他にも、以下のページに参考しました:

必要なツールは以下のものです。

Tools required for overhauling a Shimano Alfine 8 speed internal gear hub

左から:薄いレンチ、15mmコーンレンチ、薄くて小さいドライバー、ピン無しのフリーホイール/センターロックのスプロケット(自分はシマノ純正TL-FW30を使いました)

これだけで以下の手入れ全てできます。

さて、まずはディスクブレーキのローターを取り外します。ピン無しのフリーホイールソケットでないとできません(軸に穴が開いていないため)。

Shimano Centerlock removal tool (TL-FW30) for a Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH)

ローターを取り除いたら、次はベアリングコーンを取ります。15mmコーンレンチと薄型レンチでできます。

Removing non-drive side bearing cone of Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH)

取り外したら、次は反対側に移ります。ホイールをひっくり返し、ハブの付属アクセサリーを取り外し、コグなどを取り外します。コグの取り外しはまずスナップリング(止め輪?)を取らなくてはならないですが、スナップリングのプラスチック製のカバーがありますので、カバーを手で取れます。

Removing cover over snapring for cog removal on a Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH)

次はスナップリング。小型ドライバーならなんとかして取れます。スナップリングの飛び跳ねに注意!

Cog snap-ring removal on a Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH)

続いて、金属製のダストカバーや、プラのダストカバーのグリップを守るプラスチック輪を手で取ります。

Dust cover removal on a Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH)

次はプラスチックのダストカバーをねじって取ります。力のある人は手でできるらしいですが、私はドライバーを使って緩めました(私は写真をとりませんでしたが、こんな感じ:http://www.hubstripping.com/shimano-alfine/alfine-strip/slides/alfine8.html)。

そうすると、ハブの内側のギアユニットがきれいに取れます(http://www.hubstripping.com/shimano-alfine/alfine-strip/slides/alfine9.html)。

私のギアユニットは以下です。やはり水の侵害が見られます。

Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH) insides after 1 year commuting (shows minor water damage)

茶色のものはサビの入ったグリースです。布巾で簡単に取り除けました。ここで、ギアユニットを軸ユニットとリングギアーユニットにばらし、内側の点検と行います。ローター側のスナップリングを取ると両側分解されます(http://www.hubstripping.com/shimano-alfine/alfine-strip/slides/alfine12.html)。

このようになります:http://www.hubstripping.com/shimano-alfine/alfine-strip/slides/alfine13.html

私の場合、幸いなことに異常がありませんでしたので、コグ側のベアリングを取って清掃しグリース塗った後、両側を元に戻しました。元に戻るときに、軸にある凹とリングギアユニットの凸をあわせて、ギアをいじりながらセットします(ギアがすぐに合わないこともあります)。

スナップリングを取り付けた後、オイルバスに入れます。私が使ったATFは近くのEneosガススタンドで売ってあるごく普通のATFです。2Lあれば十分です。

Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH) soaking in oil bath (auto transmission fluid - ATF)

容器は2Lのお茶ペットボトルです

5分ほど浸かった後、5分ほどはかせます。汚れたグリースが垂れ流しました。

Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH) draining after oil bath (auto transmission fluid - ATF)

その後はローター側のベアリングにグリースをやり、ギアユニットをハブに戻し、付属のもの(ダストカバー、コグなど)を取り付けしました。

最終的に、以前よりも摩擦がだいぶ少なくなりました(水害以前よりも)。通常、ペダルを逆回転すると後ろのホイールが回転しますが、オイルバスの場合、まったく影響しません。大体45分ほどの作業でした。

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September 3rd, 2012 | categorizilation: all categories,equipment,Japan,Post-2008

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Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH) draining after oil bath (auto transmission fluid - ATF)

Just over a year ago, I acquired a bicycle – a Surly Karate Monkey (http://14degrees.org/en/?p=1547). Stock standard, the bike is a single-speed. In other words, it has only one gear. This is not conducive to the most efficient cycle touring in the world, so I splashed out and changed to a Shimano Alfine 8-speed internal gear hub (IGH).

Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH)

As you can see, there one cog on the outside, and all the gears, in the form of, literally, gears, are on the inside of the hub shell. The beauty of this setup is that a bicycle with an IGH essentially becomes maintenance free (when one compares with a typical derailleur setup, where you have to clean multiple oily cogs quite often).

IGH’s do need maintenance every now and then, though. I’ve heard of some going for three years before being opened up, and the insides looking like new, but after one year, mine was starting to act up a little; a little more friction than usual, and it was sometimes taking a full half-rotation of the pedals in order for the drive to engage after free-wheeling. I live in Sapporo, Japan, and even though this is the land of Shimano, IGH-equipped bikes are extremely rare here, so there was little to no chance of having the hub serviced locally. Therefore, I decided it was time to pull the thing to bits and have a gander.

The most useful resource for learning about how to pull a Shimano Alfine 8-speed hub to bits was this video below.

Other resources included Nick Foster’s very recent post, of course Muddymole’s post, Ian’s page about the Nexus hub and adding an oil port (similar to the Alfine, but with less sealing), Lachlan Hurst’s post, wisdom from Ecovelo, bike mechanic Sam Larson, Thad at the Golden Wrench and his experiences, Aaron’s Bicycle Repair’s great resource, Sheldon Brown’s advice on lubrication for IGH’s, and last but not least, Hubstripping.com’s page on the Alfine 8-speed hub.

In any case, armed with the right knowledge, and some new tools (I needed a 15mm cone spanner and a centerlock sprocket sans-pin) I got to work.

First off is the Shimano Centerlock disk brake rotor. For this, you need a centerlock/cassette tool without the quick-release pin (so it will go over the solid axle of the Alfine hub). The item number on my Shimano tool was TL-FW30.

Shimano Centerlock removal tool (TL-FW30) for a Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH)

Once that was off, I was able to access the locknut and cone. Using a 15mm cone spanner and adjustable spanner, I removed the cone.

Removing non-drive side bearing cone of Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH)

With these removed, the wheel is flipped over and the drive side bits and bobs removed. This includes the shifting accessories which allow access to a small snap-on plastic cover, which is concealing the snap-ring that holds the cog on. This plastic cover can be pried off by hand very easily.

Removing cover over snapring for cog removal on a Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH)

Next is the snap-ring. A small flat-head screw driver does this job well. Keep your free hand over the snap-ring – when it finally comes loose, it will spring off forcefully.

Cog snap-ring removal on a Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH)

Once you have the snap-ring and cog off, a metal dustguard and plastic ring needs to be removed. The plastic ring provides access to the knobby ‘grip’ of the main screw-on dust-cap, which holds the guts of the hub in.

Dust cover removal on a Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH)

Some people have reported being able to screw open the dustcap by hand (it screws open clockwise, which is opposite to normal), but I had to take to it with a screwdriver to loosen it a little. Once the dustcap comes free, the whole hub shell will fall away from the insides.

Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH) insides after 1 year commuting (shows minor water damage)

On my hub, I noticed right away that water had entered the hub at some stage. I do vaguely remember the non-drive side cone being loose at one stage, and suspect that this was the culprit. If the cone is on properly, then the rubber seal should prevent any water from getting in. The rusty residue was not too bad though, and wiped off easily. After cleaning the hub shell, however, there were some visible blemishes on the bearing race, but no noticeable pitting.

To remove the drive-side bearing cage, the hub needs to be split into two pieces. This is achieved by removing the snap-ring at the non-drive side of the unit.

Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH) insides after 1 year commuting (shows minor water damage)

The whole axle unit slides out of the main ring gear unit in two bits (explosion drawing here). There was no visible rust residue inside, so that was reassuring. I cleaned up the drive-side bearing cage, re-greased it, and put the two pieces back together. This is done by lining up the tab on the ring gear unit, and the groove in the axle unit. Even when the tab and groove are lined up, however, the gears need to be rotated around a little to get the ring gear unit to mate to the axle unit (this can take a while to get right).

Everything back together, with snap-ring re-installed, the whole lot gets dunked in auto transmission fluid. Mine was just normal, service station (gas station) ATF, using a 2 litre PET bottle as a dunking container.

Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH) soaking in oil bath (auto transmission fluid - ATF)

I left it in for about 5 minutes, and then let it drain for about 10 minutes while I was re-greasing the insides of the hub casing.

Shimano Alfine 8 Speed Internal Gear Hub (IGH) draining after oil bath (auto transmission fluid - ATF)

The innards then went back into the hub shell, the various dust covers put back on, the cog and snap-ring (which can be infuriating to get on) and the gear-shifting accessories. And then I took it all to bits again. No joke. I had put the drive-side bearing cage on the wrong way around. The picture above shows it in the correct orientation. That was not a happy moment when I had realised I had put it on wrong…

In all, it took me about 45 minutes plus another 20 minutes to rectify the bearing cage issue. Next time it will take around 30 minutes, I would say. That’ll probably be in another 12-18 months time.

Without the oil bath, the hub just has grease inside it. This means there is quite a lot of friction. For example, when back-pedaling the bike  on a workstand, the back wheel will start to rotate backwards. With the oil bath, however, backpedaling does not affect the back wheel. I didn’t notice any difference in gear changing; that is as smooth as ever.

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